Tenderness and distinction at frontozygomatic suture.Subconjunctival ecchymosis Oedema of the conjunctiva.Slight swelling of the upper lip and mobility of teeth.Usually, the motor vehicle accidents, assaults and falls are the predominant cause for this type of fracture. CausesĮxposure to a considerable amount of force can result in Le Fort fracture. In such type of fracture, the entire face shifts except the optic nerve holding the globes in place. It occurs through frontozygomatic sutures, orbit nose, and ethmoids. Le Fort type III fractures are the unstable fractures that illustrate face deformity on the lateral view. The fracture extends from or below the nasofrontal suture at the nasal bridge through the superior medial wall of the maxilla. In this type of fracture, only the nose, and the hard palate move but eyes do not.Ī blow to the mid or lower maxilla can result in a fracture of pyramid shape that involves the pterygoid plate and the inferior orbital rim that is referred as Le Fort type II fracture. The Le Fort type II fractures are the stable or unstable pyramidal fractures that arise on the central maxilla and hard palate. This is also known as Guerin fracture which involves the movement of hard palate and teeth. Also, the medial and lateral buttresses of the maxillary sinus are involved in this type of fracture. The Le Fort type I fracture is associated with the pterygoid plate and lateral bony margin of the nasal opening. It might occur due to a force of injury directed on the lower part of the maxillary alveolar rim or upper dental row, downwards. Le Fort type I fracture is associated with the lower face while the Le Fort type II and Le Fort type III fractures are related to cribriform plate disruption and CSF rhinorrhea.Ī stable transverse fracture that separates the body of maxilla from the pterygoid plate and nasal septum is referred as Le Fort I fracture. On the basis of the affected area, there are three forms of a Le Fort fracture. Pterygoid plates are the horseshoe-shaped bony protuberances that are located at the inferior margin of the maxilla and maxillary sinuses. It is usually identified by the fraction between the pterygoid plates known as pterygomaxillary separation. It is the panfacial fracture that occurs in the midfacial region and involves the maxillary bone and surrounding structures in the horizontal, pyramidal or transverse direction. A Le Fort fracture is a fracture of the midface that result in the separation of all or a portion of the midface from the skull base.
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